Thursday, May 14


US DOLLAR FORECAST – EUR/USD, USD/JPY, USD/CAD, AUD/USD

  • The U.S. dollar has rebounded recently, boosted by a hawkish repricing of the Fed’s path relative to what was expected earlier in the year
  • The prospect of the FOMC starting to cut borrowing costs at its March meeting have also diminished, reinforcing the greenback’s recovery
  • This week, all eyes will be on the U.S. PCE report

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Most Read: US Dollar Forecast – EUR/USD, USD/CAD and AUD/USD. Where to Next?

The U.S. dollar, as measured by the DXY index, has staged a remarkable turnaround recently, supported by the significant rebound in U.S. Treasury yields on the back of a hawkish repricing of the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy outlook.

To provide context, as recently as last Friday Wall Street was forecasting nearly 160 basis points of interest rate cuts for the year, but these dovish expectations have since been scaled back, with markets now discounting only 124 basis points of easing for the highlighted period.

2024 FED FUNDS FUTURES CONTRACTS (IMPLIED YIELDS)

Source: TradingView

The prospect of the FOMC starting to lower borrowing costs at its March meeting has also diminished, falling from roughly 77% one week ago (January) to 46% today. This situation has undoubtedly contributed to the greenback’s positive performance against its top peers.

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Source: CME Group

With U.S. economic activity growing above trend, the labor market extremely tight and progress on disinflation stalled, it would not be surprising to see traders further reduce bets on how much policymakers will cut rates in 2024, especially if incoming data doesn’t cooperate.

We’ll have more clarity on the economy and consumer prices in the coming days when the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis unveils last month’s personal income and outlays numbers. That said, traders should pay attention to two things in the report: consumer spending growth and core PCE.

The screen capture below, sourced from DailyFX’s economic calendar, presents the consensus estimates for the upcoming release.

UPCOMING US DATA

Source: DailyFX Economic Calendar

Any results above consensus estimates could indicate that the U.S. economy continues to run hot and that it would be premature to ease the policy stance. This scenario could drive Treasury yields higher, reinforcing the U.S. dollar’s bullish reversal. Conversely, subdued numbers could validate easing expectations, putting the greenback back on a depreciating path.

Interested in learning how retail positioning can offer clues about EUR/USD’s near-term trajectory? Our sentiment guide has valuable insights about this topic. Download it now!




of clients are net long.




of clients are net short.

Change in Longs Shorts OI
Daily -10% -3% -6%
Weekly 12% 6% 9%

EUR/USD TECHNICAL ANALYSIS

EUR/USD retreated earlier in the week but managed to hold above its 200-day simple moving average at 1.0840. To bolster sentiment toward the euro, it is crucial for this support zone to remain intact; failure to do so could result in a pullback towards 1.0770, followed by 1.0700.

On the flip side, if buying momentum returns and triggers a market turnaround, primary resistance is located in the 1.0910-1.0930 band. Sellers are expected to vigorously defend this technical ceiling; however, a successful breakout could expose the 1.1020 area.

EUR/USD TECHNICAL CHART

EUR/USD Chart Prepared Using TradingView

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USD/JPY TECHNICAL ANALYSIS

USD/JPY rallied earlier in the week, but its upward momentum diminished as the weekend approached when prices failed to clear resistance near 149.00, which resulted in a modest retracement from those levels. That said, if losses intensify in the upcoming days, support appears at 147.40, followed by 146.00.

On the flip side, if bulls regain market control and propel the pair above 149.00, there’s potential for a rally towards the psychological 150.00 mark. If historical patterns serve as a guide, USD/JPY could be rejected from this area on a retest; however, a breakout could set the stage for a move toward 150.90.

USD/JPY TECHNICAL CHART

USD/JPY Chart Created Using TradingView

Want to know more about the correlation between retail positioning and USD/CAD’s trajectory? Download our sentiment guide to learn more about market psychology.




of clients are net long.




of clients are net short.

Change in Longs Shorts OI
Daily -1% -22% -12%
Weekly -6% 13% 2%

USD/CAD TECHNICAL ANALYSIS

USD/CAD showed strong performance early in the week but took a sharp turn to the downside, losing its 200-day simple moving average heading into the weekend. This pullback followed an unsuccessful attempt to overtake trendline resistance and a key Fibonacci level near 1.3540.

If the bearish reversal gains momentum in the trading sessions ahead, initial support is expected at 1.3385, followed by 1.3355. On the other hand, if bulls stage a comeback and drive the pair higher, resistance is seen at 1.3480. With further strength, attention will be on 1.3510.

USD/CAD TECHNICAL CHART

USD/CAD Chart Created Using TradingView

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AUD/USD TECHNICAL ANALYSIS

AUD/USD lost ground from late December through early this week, but has bounced off technical support at 0.6525, allowing prices to push past a key ceiling ranging from 0.6570 to 0.6580. Should the recovery gather strength in the coming sessions, initial resistance lies at 0.6650, followed by 0.6700.

Conversely, if sellers reappear and drive the pair below 0.6580/0.6570, the next area likely to offer technical support appears at 0.6525, which corresponds to the 100-day simple moving average. On further weakness, the focus will be on 0.6500, the 61.8% Fib retracement of the October/December rally.

AUD/USD TECHNICAL CHART

AUD/USD Chart Created Using TradingView

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this.isSamePagestart()this.state==VisitState.initialized&&(this.recordTimingMetric(TimingMetric.visitStart),this.state=VisitState.started,this.adapter.visitStarted(this),this.delegate.visitStarted(this))cancel()this.state==VisitState.started&&(this.request&&this.request.cancel(),this.cancelRender(),this.state=VisitState.canceled)complete()(this.adapter.visitCompleted(this),this.delegate.visitCompleted(this)))fail()this.state==VisitState.started&&(this.state=VisitState.failed,this.adapter.visitFailed(this))changeHistory()var _a;!this.historyChanged&&this.updateHistory&&(_a=getHistoryMethodForAction(this.location.href===(null==(_a=this.referrer)?void 0:_a.href)?"replace":this.action),this.history.update(_a,this.location,this.restorationIdentifier),this.historyChanged=!0)issueRequest()this.hasPreloadedResponse()?this.simulateRequest():this.shouldIssueRequest()&&!this.request&&(this.request=new FetchRequest(this,FetchMethod.get,this.location),this.request.perform())simulateRequest()this.response&&(this.startRequest(),this.recordResponse(),this.finishRequest())startRequest()this.recordTimingMetric(TimingMetric.requestStart),this.adapter.visitRequestStarted(this)recordResponse(response=this.response)(this.response=response)&&(response=response["statusCode"],isSuccessful(response)?this.adapter.visitRequestCompleted(this):this.adapter.visitRequestFailedWithStatusCode(this,response))finishRequest()this.recordTimingMetric(TimingMetric.requestEnd),this.adapter.visitRequestFinished(this)loadResponse()if(this.response)conststatusCode,responseHTML=this.response;this.render(()=>__async$3(this,null,function*()this.shouldCacheSnapshot&&this.cacheSnapshot(),this.view.renderPromise&&(yield this.view.renderPromise),isSuccessful(statusCode)&&null!=responseHTML?(yield 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_a;this.redirectedToLocation&&!this.followedRedirect&&null!=(_a=this.response)&&_a.redirected&&(this.adapter.visitProposedToLocation(this.redirectedToLocation,action:"replace",response:this.response,shouldCacheSnapshot:!1,willRender:!1),this.followedRedirect=!0)goToSamePageAnchor()this.isSamePage&&this.render(()=>__async$3(this,null,function*()this.cacheSnapshot(),this.performScroll(),this.changeHistory(),this.adapter.visitRendered(this)))prepareRequest(request)this.acceptsStreamResponse&&request.acceptResponseType(StreamMessage.contentType)requestStarted()this.startRequest()requestPreventedHandlingResponse(_request,_response)requestSucceededWithResponse(request,response)return __async$3(this,null,function*()var responseHTML=yield response.responseHTML,redirected,statusCode=response;null==responseHTML?this.recordResponse(statusCode:SystemStatusCode.contentTypeMismatch,redirected:redirected):(this.redirectedToLocation=response.redirected?response.location:void 0,this.recordResponse(statusCode:statusCode,responseHTML:responseHTML,redirected:redirected)))requestFailedWithResponse(request,response)return __async$3(this,null,function*()var responseHTML=yield response.responseHTML,redirected,statusCode=response;null==responseHTML?this.recordResponse(statusCode:SystemStatusCode.contentTypeMismatch,redirected:redirected):this.recordResponse(statusCode:statusCode,responseHTML:responseHTML,redirected:redirected))requestErrored(_request,_error)this.recordResponse(statusCode:SystemStatusCode.networkFailure,redirected:!1)requestFinished()this.finishRequest()performScroll()this.scrollToAnchor()scrollToRestoredPosition()var scrollPosition=this.restorationData["scrollPosition"];if(scrollPosition)return this.view.scrollToPosition(scrollPosition),!0scrollToAnchor()var anchor=getAnchor(this.location);if(null!=anchor)return this.view.scrollToAnchor(anchor),!0recordTimingMetric(metric)this.timingMetrics[metric]=(new Date).getTime()getTimingMetrics()return Object.assign(,this.timingMetrics)getHistoryMethodForAction(action)switch(action)case"replace":return history.replaceState;case"advance":case"restore":return history.pushStatehasPreloadedResponse()return"object"==typeof this.responseshouldIssueRequest()return!this.isSamePage&&("restore"==this.action?!this.hasCachedSnapshot():this.willRender)cacheSnapshot()(this.view.cacheSnapshot(this.snapshot).then(snapshot=>snapshot&&this.visitCachedSnapshot(snapshot)),this.snapshotCached=!0)render(callback)return __async$3(this,null,function*()this.cancelRender(),yield new Promise(resolve=>this.frame=requestAnimationFrame(()=>resolve())),yield callback(),delete this.frame)cancelRender()this.frame&&(cancelAnimationFrame(this.frame),delete this.frame)function isSuccessful(statusCode)return 200<=statusCode&&statusCode<300class BrowserAdapter{constructor(session2)this.progressBar=new ProgressBar,this.showProgressBar=()=>this.progressBar.show(),this.session=session2visitProposedToLocation(location2,options)uuid(),options)visitStarted(visit2)this.location=visit2.location,visit2.loadCachedSnapshot(),visit2.issueRequest(),visit2.goToSamePageAnchor()visitRequestStarted(visit2)visitRequestCompleted(visit2)visit2.loadResponse()visitRequestFailedWithStatusCode(visit2,statusCode)switch(statusCode)case SystemStatusCode.networkFailure:case SystemStatusCode.timeoutFailure:case SystemStatusCode.contentTypeMismatch:return this.reload(reason:"request_failed",context:statusCode:statusCode);default:return visit2.loadResponse()visitRequestFinished(_visit)this.progressBar.setValue(1),this.hideVisitProgressBar()visitCompleted(_visit)pageInvalidated(reason)this.reload(reason)visitFailed(_visit)visitRendered(_visit)formSubmissionStarted(_formSubmission)this.progressBar.setValue(0),this.showFormProgressBarAfterDelay()formSubmissionFinished(_formSubmission)this.progressBar.setValue(1),this.hideFormProgressBar()showVisitProgressBarAfterDelay()this.visitProgressBarTimeout=window.setTimeout(this.showProgressBar,this.session.progressBarDelay)hideVisitProgressBar()this.progressBar.hide(),null!=this.visitProgressBarTimeout&&(window.clearTimeout(this.visitProgressBarTimeout),delete this.visitProgressBarTimeout)showFormProgressBarAfterDelay()null==this.formProgressBarTimeout&&(this.formProgressBarTimeout=window.setTimeout(this.showProgressBar,this.session.progressBarDelay))hideFormProgressBar()this.progressBar.hide(),null!=this.formProgressBarTimeout&&(window.clearTimeout(this.formProgressBarTimeout),delete this.formProgressBarTimeout)reload(reason)dispatch("turbo:reload",detail:reason),window.location.href=(null==(reason=this.location)?void 0:reason.toString())get navigator()return this.session.navigator}class CacheObserverconstructor()this.selector="[data-turbo-temporary]",this.deprecatedSelector="[data-turbo-cache=false]",this.started=!1,this.removeTemporaryElements=_event=>for(const element of this.temporaryElements)element.remove()start()this.startedstop()this.started&&(this.started=!1,removeEventListener("turbo:before-cache",this.removeTemporaryElements,!1))get temporaryElements()return[...document.querySelectorAll(this.selector),...this.temporaryElementsWithDeprecation]get temporaryElementsWithDeprecation()var elements=document.querySelectorAll(this.deprecatedSelector);return elements.length&&console.warn(`The $this.deprecatedSelector selector is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Use $this.selector instead.`),[...elements]class FrameRedirectorconstructor(session2,element)this.session=session2,this.element=element,this.linkInterceptor=new LinkInterceptor(this,element),this.formSubmitObserver=new FormSubmitObserver(this,element)start()this.linkInterceptor.start(),this.formSubmitObserver.start()stop()this.linkInterceptor.stop(),this.formSubmitObserver.stop()shouldInterceptLinkClick(element,_location,_event)return this.shouldRedirect(element)linkClickIntercepted(element,url,event)var frame=this.findFrameElement(element);frame&&frame.delegate.linkClickIntercepted(element,url,event)willSubmitForm(element,submitter)return null==element.closest("turbo-frame")&&this.shouldSubmit(element,submitter)&&this.shouldRedirect(element,submitter)formSubmitted(element,submitter)var frame=this.findFrameElement(element,submitter);frame&&frame.delegate.formSubmitted(element,submitter)shouldSubmit(form,submitter)var action=getAction(form,submitter),meta=this.element.ownerDocument.querySelector('meta[name="turbo-root"]'),meta=expandURL(null!=(meta=null==meta?void 0:meta.content)?meta:"/");return this.shouldRedirect(form,submitter)&&locationIsVisitable(action,meta)shouldRedirect(element,submitter)return!!(element instanceof HTMLFormElement?this.session.submissionIsNavigatable(element,submitter):this.session.elementIsNavigatable(element))&&(!!(submitter=this.findFrameElement(element,submitter))&&submitter!=element.closest("turbo-frame"))findFrameElement(element,submitter)class Historyconstructor(delegate)this.restorationIdentifier=uuid(),this.restorationData=,this.started=!1,this.pageLoaded=!1,this.onPopState=event=>)["turbo"],event&&(this.location=new URL(window.location.href),event=event["restorationIdentifier"],this.restorationIdentifier=event,this.delegate.historyPoppedToLocationWithRestorationIdentifier(this.location,event))),this.onPageLoad=_event=>__async$3(this,null,function*()yield function nextMicrotask()return Promise.resolve()(),this.pageLoaded=!0),this.delegate=delegatestart()(addEventListener("popstate",this.onPopState,!1),addEventListener("load",this.onPageLoad,!1),this.started=!0,this.replace(new URL(window.location.href)))stop()this.started&&(removeEventListener("popstate",this.onPopState,!1),removeEventListener("load",this.onPageLoad,!1),this.started=!1)push(location2,restorationIdentifier)this.update(history.pushState,location2,restorationIdentifier)replace(location2,restorationIdentifier)this.update(history.replaceState,location2,restorationIdentifier)update(method,location2,restorationIdentifier=uuid())method.call(history,turbo:restorationIdentifier:restorationIdentifier,"",location2.href),this.location=location2,this.restorationIdentifier=restorationIdentifiergetRestorationDataForIdentifier(restorationIdentifier)updateRestorationData(additionalData)var restorationIdentifier=this["restorationIdentifier"],restorationData=this.restorationData[restorationIdentifier];this.restorationData[restorationIdentifier]=Object.assign(Object.assign(,restorationData),additionalData)assumeControlOfScrollRestoration()relinquishControlOfScrollRestoration()this.previousScrollRestoration&&(history.scrollRestoration=this.previousScrollRestoration,delete this.previousScrollRestoration)shouldHandlePopState()return this.pageIsLoaded()pageIsLoaded()"complete"==document.readyStateclass Navigator{constructor(delegate)this.delegate=delegateproposeVisit(location2,options=)this.delegate.allowsVisitingLocationWithAction(location2,options.action)&&(locationIsVisitable(location2,this.view.snapshot.rootLocation)?this.delegate.visitProposedToLocation(location2,options):window.location.href=location2.toString())startVisit(locatable,restorationIdentifier,options=)this.stop(),this.currentVisit=new Visit(this,expandURL(locatable),restorationIdentifier,Object.assign(referrer:this.location,options)),this.currentVisit.start()submitForm(form,submitter)this.stop(),this.formSubmission=new FormSubmission(this,form,submitter,!0),this.formSubmission.start()stop()this.formSubmission&&(this.formSubmission.stop(),delete this.formSubmission),this.currentVisit&&(this.currentVisit.cancel(),delete this.currentVisit)get adapter()return this.delegate.adapterget view()return this.delegate.viewget history()return this.delegate.historyformSubmissionStarted(formSubmission)"function"==typeof this.adapter.formSubmissionStarted&&this.adapter.formSubmissionStarted(formSubmission)formSubmissionSucceededWithResponse(formSubmission,fetchResponse)return __async$3(this,null,function*()this.view.clearSnapshotCache(),fetchResponse),action=this.getActionForFormSubmission(formSubmission),this.proposeVisit(fetchResponse.location,action:action,shouldCacheSnapshot:shouldCacheSnapshot,response:statusCode:statusCode,responseHTML:responseHTML,redirected:redirected)))formSubmissionFailedWithResponse(formSubmission,fetchResponse)return __async$3(this,null,function*()var responseHTML=yield fetchResponse.responseHTML;responseHTML&&(responseHTML=PageSnapshot.fromHTMLString(responseHTML),fetchResponse.serverError?yield this.view.renderError(responseHTML,this.currentVisit):yield this.view.renderPage(responseHTML,!1,!0,this.currentVisit),this.view.scrollToTop(),this.view.clearSnapshotCache()))formSubmissionErrored(formSubmission,error)console.error(error)formSubmissionFinished(formSubmission)"function"==typeof this.adapter.formSubmissionFinished&&this.adapter.formSubmissionFinished(formSubmission)visitStarted(visit2)this.delegate.visitStarted(visit2)visitCompleted(visit2)this.delegate.visitCompleted(visit2)locationWithActionIsSamePage(location2,action)var anchor=getAnchor(location2),currentAnchor=getAnchor(this.view.lastRenderedLocation),isRestorationToTop="restore"===action&&void 0===anchor;return"replace"!==action&&getRequestURL(location2)===getRequestURL(this.view.lastRenderedLocation)&&(isRestorationToTopvisitScrolledToSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)this.delegate.visitScrolledToSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)get location()return this.history.locationget restorationIdentifier()return this.history.restorationIdentifiergetActionForFormSubmission(submitter,formElement)return getVisitAction(submitter,formElement)}(prototype=PageStage=PageStage||)[prototype.initial=0]="initial",prototype[prototype.loading=1]="loading",prototype[prototype.interactive=2]="interactive",prototype[prototype.complete=3]="complete";class PageObserverconstructor(delegate)this.stage=PageStage.initial,this.started=!1,this.interpretReadyState=()=>var readyState=this["readyState"];"interactive"==readyState?this.pageIsInteractive():"complete"==readyState&&this.pageIsComplete(),this.pageWillUnload=()=>this.delegate.pageWillUnload(),this.delegate=delegatestart()(this.stage==PageStage.initial&&(this.stage=PageStage.loading),document.addEventListener("readystatechange",this.interpretReadyState,!1),addEventListener("pagehide",this.pageWillUnload,!1),this.started=!0)stop()this.started&&(document.removeEventListener("readystatechange",this.interpretReadyState,!1),removeEventListener("pagehide",this.pageWillUnload,!1),this.started=!1)pageIsInteractive()this.stage==PageStage.loading&&(this.stage=PageStage.interactive,this.delegate.pageBecameInteractive())pageIsComplete()this.pageIsInteractive(),this.stage==PageStage.interactive&&(this.stage=PageStage.complete,this.delegate.pageLoaded())get readyState()return document.readyStateclass ScrollObserverconstructor(delegate)this.started=!1,this.onScroll=()=>this.updatePosition(x:window.pageXOffset,y:window.pageYOffset),this.delegate=delegatestart()this.startedstop()this.started&&(removeEventListener("scroll",this.onScroll,!1),this.started=!1)updatePosition(position)this.delegate.scrollPositionChanged(position)class StreamMessageRenderer{render(fragment)Bardo.preservingPermanentElements(this,function getPermanentElementMapForFragment(fragment)var permanentElementsInDocument=queryPermanentElementsAll(document.documentElement),permanentElementMap=;for(const permanentElementInDocument of permanentElementsInDocument)var id=permanentElementInDocument["id"];for(const streamElement of fragment.querySelectorAll("turbo-stream"))var elementInStream=getPermanentElementById(streamElement.templateElement.content,id);elementInStream&&(permanentElementMap[id]=[permanentElementInDocument,elementInStream])return permanentElementMap(fragment),()=>document.documentElement.appendChild(fragment))enteringBardo(currentPermanentElement,newPermanentElement)newPermanentElement.replaceWith(currentPermanentElement.cloneNode(!0))leavingBardo()}class StreamObserverconstructor(delegate)this.sources=new Set,this.started=!1,this.inspectFetchResponse=event=>var response=function fetchResponseFromEvent(event)event=null==(event=event.detail)?void 0:event.fetchResponse;if(event instanceof FetchResponse)return event(event);response&&function fetchResponseIsStream(response)response=null!=(response=response.contentType)?response:"";return response.startsWith(StreamMessage.contentType)(response)&&(event.preventDefault(),this.receiveMessageResponse(response)),this.receiveMessageEvent=event=>this.started&&"string"==typeof event.data&&this.receiveMessageHTML(event.data),this.delegate=delegatestart()stop()this.started&&(this.started=!1,removeEventListener("turbo:before-fetch-response",this.inspectFetchResponse,!1))connectStreamSource(source)this.streamSourceIsConnected(source)disconnectStreamSource(source)this.streamSourceIsConnected(source)&&(this.sources.delete(source),source.removeEventListener("message",this.receiveMessageEvent,!1))streamSourceIsConnected(source)return this.sources.has(source)receiveMessageResponse(response)return __async$3(this,null,function*()var html=yield response.responseHTML;html&&this.receiveMessageHTML(html))receiveMessageHTML(html)this.delegate.receivedMessageFromStream(StreamMessage.wrap(html))class ErrorRenderer extends Rendererstatic renderElement(currentElement,newElement)vardocumentElement,body=document;documentElement.replaceChild(newElement,body)render()return __async$3(this,null,function*()this.replaceHeadAndBody(),this.activateScriptElements())replaceHeadAndBody()vardocumentElement,head=document;documentElement.replaceChild(this.newHead,head),this.renderElement(this.currentElement,this.newElement)activateScriptElements()for(const replaceableElement of this.scriptElements)var element,parentNode=replaceableElement.parentNode;parentNode&&(element=activateScriptElement(replaceableElement),parentNode.replaceChild(element,replaceableElement))get newHead()return this.newSnapshot.headSnapshot.elementget scriptElements()return document.documentElement.querySelectorAll("script")class PageRenderer extends Renderer{static renderElement(currentElement,newElement)document.body&&newElement instanceof HTMLBodyElement?document.body.replaceWith(newElement):document.documentElement.appendChild(newElement)get shouldRender()return this.newSnapshot.isVisitable&&this.trackedElementsAreIdenticalget reloadReason()return this.newSnapshot.isVisitable?this.trackedElementsAreIdentical?void 0:reason:"tracked_element_mismatch":reason:"turbo_visit_control_is_reload"prepareToRender()return __async$3(this,null,function*()yield this.mergeHead())render()return __async$3(this,null,function*()this.willRender&&(yield this.replaceBody()))finishRendering()super.finishRendering(),this.isPreviewget currentHeadSnapshot()return this.currentSnapshot.headSnapshotget newHeadSnapshot()return this.newSnapshot.headSnapshotget newElement()return this.newSnapshot.elementmergeHead()return __async$3(this,null,function*()var mergedHeadElements=this.mergeProvisionalElements(),newStylesheetElements=this.copyNewHeadStylesheetElements();this.copyNewHeadScriptElements(),yield mergedHeadElements,yield newStylesheetElements)replaceBody()return __async$3(this,null,function*()yield this.preservingPermanentElements(()=>__async$3(this,null,function*()this.activateNewBody(),yield this.assignNewBody())))get trackedElementsAreIdentical()return this.currentHeadSnapshot.trackedElementSignature==this.newHeadSnapshot.trackedElementSignaturecopyNewHeadStylesheetElements(){return __async$3(this,null,function*()var loadingElements=[];for(const element of this.newHeadStylesheetElements)loadingElements.push(function waitForLoad(element,timeoutInMilliseconds=2e3)return new Promise(resolve=>const onComplete=()=>element.removeEventListener("error",onComplete),element.removeEventListener("load",onComplete),resolve();element.addEventListener("load",onComplete,once:!0),element.addEventListener("error",onComplete,once:!0),setTimeout(resolve,timeoutInMilliseconds))(element)),document.head.appendChild(element);yield Promise.all(loadingElements))}copyNewHeadScriptElements()for(const element of this.newHeadScriptElements)document.head.appendChild(activateScriptElement(element))mergeProvisionalElements()return __async$3(this,null,function*()var newHeadElements=[...this.newHeadProvisionalElements];for(const element of this.currentHeadProvisionalElements)this.isCurrentElementInElementList(element,newHeadElements))isCurrentElementInElementList(element,elementList)for(var[index,newElement]of elementList.entries())if("TITLE"==element.tagName)if("TITLE"!=newElement.tagName)continue;if(element.innerHTML==newElement.innerHTML)return elementList.splice(index,1),!0if(newElement.isEqualNode(element))return elementList.splice(index,1),!0return!1removeCurrentHeadProvisionalElements()for(const element of this.currentHeadProvisionalElements)document.head.removeChild(element)copyNewHeadProvisionalElements()for(const element of this.newHeadProvisionalElements)document.head.appendChild(element)activateNewBody()document.adoptNode(this.newElement),this.activateNewBodyScriptElements()activateNewBodyScriptElements()for(const inertScriptElement of this.newBodyScriptElements)var activatedScriptElement=activateScriptElement(inertScriptElement);inertScriptElement.replaceWith(activatedScriptElement)assignNewBody()return __async$3(this,null,function*()yield this.renderElement(this.currentElement,this.newElement))get newHeadStylesheetElements()return this.newHeadSnapshot.getStylesheetElementsNotInSnapshot(this.currentHeadSnapshot)get newHeadScriptElements()return this.newHeadSnapshot.getScriptElementsNotInSnapshot(this.currentHeadSnapshot)get currentHeadProvisionalElements()return this.currentHeadSnapshot.provisionalElementsget newHeadProvisionalElements()return this.newHeadSnapshot.provisionalElementsget newBodyScriptElements()return this.newElement.querySelectorAll("script")}class SnapshotCacheconstructor(size)this.keys=[],this.snapshots=,this.size=sizehas(location2)return toCacheKey(location2)in this.snapshotsget(location2)var snapshot;if(this.has(location2))return snapshot=this.read(location2),this.touch(location2),snapshotput(location2,snapshot)return this.write(location2,snapshot),this.touch(location2),snapshotclear()this.snapshots=read(location2)return this.snapshots[toCacheKey(location2)]write(location2,snapshot)this.snapshots[toCacheKey(location2)]=snapshottouch(location2)var location2=toCacheKey(location2),index=this.keys.indexOf(location2);-1setTimeout(()=>resolve(),0))(),snapshot=snapshot.clone(),this.snapshotCache.put(location2,snapshot),snapshot)getCachedSnapshotForLocation(location2)return this.snapshotCache.get(location2)get snapshot()return PageSnapshot.fromElement(this.element)class Preloader{constructor(delegate)this.selector="a[data-turbo-preload]",this.delegate=delegateget snapshotCache()return this.delegate.navigator.view.snapshotCachestart()if("loading"===document.readyState)return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>this.preloadOnLoadLinksForView(document.body));this.preloadOnLoadLinksForView(document.body)preloadOnLoadLinksForView(element)for(const link of element.querySelectorAll(this.selector))this.preloadURL(link)preloadURL(link){return __async$3(this,null,function*()var location2=new URL(link.href);if(!this.snapshotCache.has(location2))tryvar responseText=yield(yield fetch(location2.toString(),headers:"VND.PREFETCH":"true",Accept:"text/html")).text(),snapshot=PageSnapshot.fromHTMLString(responseText);this.snapshotCache.put(location2,snapshot)catch(_))}}function extendURLWithDeprecatedProperties(url)Object.defineProperties(url,deprecatedLocationPropertyDescriptors)const deprecatedLocationPropertyDescriptors=absoluteURL:get()return this.toString();const StreamActions=after()this.targetElements.forEach(e=>var _a;return null==(_a=e.parentElement)?void 0:_a.insertBefore(this.templateContent,e.nextSibling)),append()this.removeDuplicateTargetChildren(),this.targetElements.forEach(e=>e.append(this.templateContent)),before()this.targetElements.forEach(e=>var _a;return null==(_a=e.parentElement)?void 0:_a.insertBefore(this.templateContent,e)),prepend()this.removeDuplicateTargetChildren(),this.targetElements.forEach(e=>e.prepend(this.templateContent)),remove()this.targetElements.forEach(e=>e.remove()),replace()this.targetElements.forEach(e=>e.replaceWith(this.templateContent)),update()this.targetElements.forEach(targetElement=>targetElement.innerHTML="",targetElement.append(this.templateContent)),session=new class Sessionconstructor()this.navigator=new Navigator(this),this.history=new History(this),this.preloader=new Preloader(this),this.view=new PageView(this,document.documentElement),this.adapter=new BrowserAdapter(this),this.pageObserver=new PageObserver(this),this.cacheObserver=new CacheObserver,this.linkClickObserver=new LinkClickObserver(this,window),this.formSubmitObserver=new FormSubmitObserver(this,document),this.scrollObserver=new ScrollObserver(this),this.streamObserver=new StreamObserver(this),this.formLinkClickObserver=new FormLinkClickObserver(this,document.documentElement),this.frameRedirector=new FrameRedirector(this,document.documentElement),this.streamMessageRenderer=new StreamMessageRenderer,this.drive=!0,this.enabled=!0,this.progressBarDelay=500,this.started=!1,this.formMode="on"start()disable()this.enabled=!1stop()this.started&&(this.pageObserver.stop(),this.cacheObserver.stop(),this.formLinkClickObserver.stop(),this.linkClickObserver.stop(),this.formSubmitObserver.stop(),this.scrollObserver.stop(),this.streamObserver.stop(),this.frameRedirector.stop(),this.history.stop(),this.started=!1)registerAdapter(adapter)this.adapter=adaptervisit(location2,options=)var frameElement=options.frame?document.getElementById(options.frame):null;frameElement instanceof FrameElement?(frameElement.src=location2.toString(),frameElement.loaded):this.navigator.proposeVisit(expandURL(location2),options)connectStreamSource(source)this.streamObserver.connectStreamSource(source)disconnectStreamSource(source)this.streamObserver.disconnectStreamSource(source)renderStreamMessage(message)this.streamMessageRenderer.render(StreamMessage.wrap(message))clearCache()this.view.clearSnapshotCache()setProgressBarDelay(delay)this.progressBarDelay=delaysetFormMode(mode)this.formMode=modeget location()return this.history.locationget restorationIdentifier()return this.history.restorationIdentifierhistoryPoppedToLocationWithRestorationIdentifier(location2,restorationIdentifier)this.enabled?this.navigator.startVisit(location2,restorationIdentifier,action:"restore",historyChanged:!0):this.adapter.pageInvalidated(reason:"turbo_disabled")scrollPositionChanged(position)this.history.updateRestorationData(scrollPosition:position)willSubmitFormLinkToLocation(link,location2)return this.elementIsNavigatable(link)&&locationIsVisitable(location2,this.snapshot.rootLocation)submittedFormLinkToLocation()willFollowLinkToLocation(link,location2,event)return this.elementIsNavigatable(link)&&locationIsVisitable(location2,this.snapshot.rootLocation)&&this.applicationAllowsFollowingLinkToLocation(link,location2,event)followedLinkToLocation(link,location2)var action=this.getActionForLink(link),link=link.hasAttribute("data-turbo-stream");this.visit(location2.href,action:action,acceptsStreamResponse:link)allowsVisitingLocationWithAction(location2,action)this.applicationAllowsVisitingLocation(location2)visitProposedToLocation(location2,options)extendURLWithDeprecatedProperties(location2),this.adapter.visitProposedToLocation(location2,options)visitStarted(visit2)visitCompleted(visit2)clearBusyState(document.documentElement),this.notifyApplicationAfterPageLoad(visit2.getTimingMetrics())locationWithActionIsSamePage(location2,action)return this.navigator.locationWithActionIsSamePage(location2,action)visitScrolledToSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)this.notifyApplicationAfterVisitingSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)willSubmitForm(form,submitter)var action=getAction(form,submitter);return this.submissionIsNavigatable(form,submitter)&&locationIsVisitable(expandURL(action),this.snapshot.rootLocation)formSubmitted(form,submitter)this.navigator.submitForm(form,submitter)pageBecameInteractive()this.view.lastRenderedLocation=this.location,this.notifyApplicationAfterPageLoad()pageLoaded()this.history.assumeControlOfScrollRestoration()pageWillUnload()this.history.relinquishControlOfScrollRestoration()receivedMessageFromStream(message)this.renderStreamMessage(message)viewWillCacheSnapshot()var _a;null!=(_a=this.navigator.currentVisit)&&_a.silentallowsImmediateRender(element,options)vardefaultPrevented:element,detail:render:options=this.notifyApplicationBeforeRender(element,options);return this.view.renderer&&options&&(this.view.renderer.renderElement=options),!elementviewRenderedSnapshot(_snapshot,_isPreview)this.view.lastRenderedLocation=this.history.location,this.notifyApplicationAfterRender()preloadOnLoadLinksForView(element)this.preloader.preloadOnLoadLinksForView(element)viewInvalidated(reason)this.adapter.pageInvalidated(reason)frameLoaded(frame)this.notifyApplicationAfterFrameLoad(frame)frameRendered(fetchResponse,frame)this.notifyApplicationAfterFrameRender(fetchResponse,frame)applicationAllowsFollowingLinkToLocation(link,location2,ev)return!this.notifyApplicationAfterClickingLinkToLocation(link,location2,ev).defaultPreventedapplicationAllowsVisitingLocation(location2)return!this.notifyApplicationBeforeVisitingLocation(location2).defaultPreventednotifyApplicationAfterClickingLinkToLocation(link,location2,event)return dispatch("turbo:click",target:link,detail:url:location2.href,originalEvent:event,cancelable:!0)notifyApplicationBeforeVisitingLocation(location2)return dispatch("turbo:before-visit",detail:url:location2.href,cancelable:!0)notifyApplicationAfterVisitingLocation(location2,action)return dispatch("turbo:visit",detail:url:location2.href,action:action)notifyApplicationBeforeCachingSnapshot()return dispatch("turbo:before-cache")notifyApplicationBeforeRender(newBody,options)return dispatch("turbo:before-render",detail:Object.assign(newBody:newBody,options),cancelable:!0)notifyApplicationAfterRender()return dispatch("turbo:render")notifyApplicationAfterPageLoad(timing=)return dispatch("turbo:load",detail:url:this.location.href,timing:timing)notifyApplicationAfterVisitingSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)dispatchEvent(new HashChangeEvent("hashchange",oldURL:oldURL.toString(),newURL:newURL.toString()))notifyApplicationAfterFrameLoad(frame)return dispatch("turbo:frame-load",target:frame)notifyApplicationAfterFrameRender(fetchResponse,frame)return dispatch("turbo:frame-render",detail:fetchResponse:fetchResponse,target:frame,cancelable:!0)submissionIsNavigatable(form,submitter)elementIsNavigatable(element)"false"!=container.getAttribute("data-turbo"):!!container&&"true"==container.getAttribute("data-turbo")getActionForLink(link)return getVisitAction(link)get snapshot()return this.view.snapshot;var prototype=new class Cacheconstructor(session2)this.session=session2clear()this.session.clearCache()resetCacheControl()this.setCacheControl("")exemptPageFromCache()this.setCacheControl("no-cache")exemptPageFromPreview()this.setCacheControl("no-preview")setCacheControl(value)!function setMetaContent(name,content)let element=getMetaElement(name);element("turbo-cache-control",value)(session),navigator$1=session["navigator"];function start()session.start()function registerAdapter(adapter)session.registerAdapter(adapter)function visit(location2,options)session.visit(location2,options)function connectStreamSource(source)session.connectStreamSource(source)function disconnectStreamSource(source)session.disconnectStreamSource(source)function renderStreamMessage(message)session.renderStreamMessage(message)function clearCache()console.warn("Please replace `Turbo.clearCache()` with `Turbo.cache.clear()`. The top-level function is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Turbo.`"),session.clearCache()function setProgressBarDelay(delay)session.setProgressBarDelay(delay)function setConfirmMethod(confirmMethod)FormSubmission.confirmMethod=confirmMethodfunction setFormMode(mode)session.setFormMode(mode)var Turbo=Object.freeze(__proto__:null,navigator:navigator$1,session:session,cache:prototype,PageRenderer:PageRenderer,PageSnapshot:PageSnapshot,FrameRenderer:FrameRenderer,start:start,registerAdapter:registerAdapter,visit:visit,connectStreamSource:connectStreamSource,disconnectStreamSource:disconnectStreamSource,renderStreamMessage:renderStreamMessage,clearCache:clearCache,setProgressBarDelay:setProgressBarDelay,setConfirmMethod:setConfirmMethod,setFormMode:setFormMode,StreamActions:StreamActions);class TurboFrameMissingError extends Errorfunction getFrameElementById(id)if(null!=id)id=document.getElementById(id);if(id instanceof FrameElement)return idfunction activateElement(element,currentURL)if(element)var src=element.getAttribute("src");if(null!=src&&null!=currentURL&&function urlsAreEqual(left,right)return expandURL(left).href==expandURL(right).href(src,currentURL))throw new Error(`Matching element has a source URL which references itself`);if((element=element.ownerDocument!==document?document.importNode(element,!0):element)instanceof FrameElement)return element.connectedCallback(),element.disconnectedCallback(),elementclass StreamElement extends HTMLElementstatic renderElement(newElement)return __async$3(this,null,function*()yield newElement.performAction())connectedCallback()return __async$3(this,null,function*()tryyield this.render()catch(error)console.error(error)finallythis.disconnect())render()return __async$3(this,null,function*()var _a;return null!=(_a=this.renderPromise)?_a:this.renderPromise=__async$3(this,null,function*()var event=this.beforeRenderEvent;this.dispatchEvent(event)&&(yield nextAnimationFrame(),yield event.detail.render(this))))disconnect()trythis.remove()catch(_a)removeDuplicateTargetChildren()this.duplicateChildren.forEach(c=>c.remove())get duplicateChildren()get performAction()if(this.action)var actionFunction=StreamActions[this.action];if(actionFunction)return actionFunction;this.raise("unknown action")this.raise("action attribute is missing")get targetElements()return this.target?this.targetElementsById:this.targets?this.targetElementsByQuery:void this.raise("target or targets attribute is missing")get templateContent()return this.templateElement.content.cloneNode(!0)get templateElement()var template;return null===this.firstElementChild?(template=this.ownerDocument.createElement("template"),this.appendChild(template),template):this.firstElementChild instanceof HTMLTemplateElement?this.firstElementChild:void this.raise("first child element must be a

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