USD/CAD & OIL PRICES TECHNICAL OUTLOOK:
- USD/CAD appears biased to the upside in the near term
- Oil prices have been developing a bearish pattern in recent weeks, so the technical signals are negative
- Volatility could remain elevated as market sentiment sours amid soaring U.S. Treasury yields
Recommended by Diego Colman
Get Your Free USD Forecast
Most Read: US Dollar Outlook Turns More Bullish as Bond Yields Skyrocket Post PCE Data
Volatility reared its ugly head in the currency market this past week as U.S. Treasury yields soared across the curve on expectations that the Federal Reserve will have to keep its foot on the accelerator and continue to tighten monetary policy aggressively to tame persistently high inflationary pressures. This move boosted the U.S. dollar against most of its peers, while inflicting a deep wound on several commodities. In this article, we are only concerned with USD/CAD and oil, so let’s take a look at the key charts to see what the technical analysis indicates for these two assets in the wake of recent events.
USD/CAD TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
USD/CAD (US dollar – Canadian dollar) has been stuck in a consolidation phase for much of the month, but has finally broken out of its trading range this past week after decisively breaching a key descending trendline extended off the 2022 highs. This bullish breakout has taken the exchange rate to its highest level since the beginning of the year, luring new buyers into the market and creating the right conditions for further gains.
With price action biased to the upside, bulls could launch an attack on cluster resistance near 1.3700 in the coming days, a pivotal ceiling defined by the December 2022 highs and the 61.8% Fibonacci retracement of the October 2022/November 2022 pullback. If this barrier is taken out, USD/CAD could challenge 1.3825 in short order.
On the other hand, if sellers unexpectedly return and trigger a bearish reversal, initial support appears around the psychological 1.3500 level. Below that floor, an impeccable uptrend line extending from the June 2022 lows comes into play.
USD/CAD TECHNICAL CHART
USD/CAD Chart Prepared Using TradingView
Recommended by Diego Colman
Get Your Free Oil Forecast
OIL PRICES TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
Oil has been trending lower of late, with prices forging a bearish formation known as head and shoulders since late 2022 (S-H-S). The figure is almost complete, so a deep pullback cannot be ruled out if the technical configuration is validated. Confirmation could come with a drop below the pattern’s neckline near $73.50, in which case, a descent towards $70.25 appears likely. On further weakness, the focus shifts to $66.25, followed by $62.00.
On the flip side, if prices manage to rebound from current levels in a meaningful way, the first resistance to consider lies near the $78.00 mark, where the the 50-day simple moving average converges with a medium-term descending trendline. If this area is invalidated, buyers could target the $80.00 psychological handle and $82.75 thereafter.
OIL PRICES (WTI FUTURES) CHART
Crude Oil Futures (WTI) Chart Prepared Using TradingView
Written by Diego Colman, Contributing Strategist
`show()this.visiblehide()this.visible&&!this.hiding&&(this.hiding=!0,this.fadeProgressElement(()=>this.uninstallProgressElement(),this.stopTrickling(),this.visible=!1,this.hiding=!1))setValue(value)this.value=value,this.refresh()installStylesheetElement()document.head.insertBefore(this.stylesheetElement,document.head.firstChild)installProgressElement()this.progressElement.style.width="0",this.progressElement.style.opacity="1",document.documentElement.insertBefore(this.progressElement,document.body),this.refresh()fadeProgressElement(callback)this.progressElement.style.opacity="0",setTimeout(callback,1.5*ProgressBar.animationDuration)uninstallProgressElement()this.progressElement.parentNode&&document.documentElement.removeChild(this.progressElement)startTrickling()(this.trickleInterval=window.setInterval(this.trickle,ProgressBar.animationDuration))stopTrickling()window.clearInterval(this.trickleInterval),delete this.trickleIntervalrefresh()requestAnimationFrame(()=>this.progressElement.style.width=10+90*this.value+"%")createStylesheetElement()var element=document.createElement("style");return element.type="text/css",element.textContent=ProgressBar.defaultCSS,elementcreateProgressElement()var element=document.createElement("div");return element.className="turbo-progress-bar",elementProgressBar.animationDuration=300;class HeadSnapshot extends Snapshot{constructor(){super(...arguments),this.detailsByOuterHTML=this.children.filter(element=>!function elementIsNoscript(element)element=element.tagName.toLowerCase();return"noscript"==element(element)).map(element=>function elementWithoutNonce(element)element.hasAttribute("nonce")&&element.setAttribute("nonce","");return element(element)).reduce((result,element)=>var outerHTML=element["outerHTML"],details=outerHTML in result?result[outerHTML]:type:function elementType(element)return function elementIsScript(element)element=element.tagName.toLowerCase();return"script"==element(element)?"script":function elementIsStylesheet(element)"link"==tagName&&"stylesheet"==element.getAttribute("rel")(element)?"stylesheet":void 0(element),tracked:function elementIsTracked(element)return"reload"==element.getAttribute("data-turbo-track")(element),elements:[];return Object.assign(Object.assign(,result),[outerHTML]:Object.assign(Object.assign(,details),elements:[...details.elements,element])),)}get trackedElementSignature()return Object.keys(this.detailsByOuterHTML).filter(outerHTML=>this.detailsByOuterHTML[outerHTML].tracked).join("")getScriptElementsNotInSnapshot(snapshot)return this.getElementsMatchingTypeNotInSnapshot("script",snapshot)getStylesheetElementsNotInSnapshot(snapshot)return this.getElementsMatchingTypeNotInSnapshot("stylesheet",snapshot)getElementsMatchingTypeNotInSnapshot(matchedType,snapshot)return Object.keys(this.detailsByOuterHTML).filter(outerHTML=>!(outerHTML in snapshot.detailsByOuterHTML)).map(outerHTML=>this.detailsByOuterHTML[outerHTML]).filter((type)=>type==matchedType).map((elements:[element])=>element)get provisionalElements()return Object.keys(this.detailsByOuterHTML).reduce((result,outerHTML)=>vartype:outerHTML,tracked,elements=this.detailsByOuterHTML[outerHTML];return null!=outerHTML,[])getMetaValue(name)name=this.findMetaElementByName(name);return name?name.getAttribute("content"):nullfindMetaElementByName(name)return Object.keys(this.detailsByOuterHTML).reduce((result,outerHTML)=>var[outerHTML]=this.detailsByOuterHTML[outerHTML]["elements"];return function elementIsMetaElementWithName(element,name)var tagName=element.tagName.toLowerCase();return"meta"==tagName&&element.getAttribute("name")==name(outerHTML,name)?outerHTML:result,void 0)}class PageSnapshot extends Snapshotconstructor(element,headSnapshot)super(element),this.headSnapshot=headSnapshotstatic fromHTMLString(html="")return this.fromDocument(parseHTMLDocument(html))static fromElement(element)return this.fromDocument(element.ownerDocument)static fromDocument(head,body)return new this(body,new HeadSnapshot(head))clone()return new PageSnapshot(this.element.cloneNode(!0),this.headSnapshot)get headElement()return this.headSnapshot.elementget rootLocation()var _a;return expandURL(null!=(_a=this.getSetting("root"))?_a:"/")get cacheControlValue()return this.getSetting("cache-control")get isPreviewable()return"no-preview"!=this.cacheControlValueget isCacheable()return"no-cache"!=this.cacheControlValueget isVisitable()return"reload"!=this.getSetting("visit-control")getSetting(name)return this.headSnapshot.getMetaValue("turbo-"+name)(prototype=TimingMetric=TimingMetric||).visitStart="visitStart",prototype.requestStart="requestStart",prototype.requestEnd="requestEnd",prototype.visitEnd="visitEnd",(prototype=VisitState=VisitState||).initialized="initialized",prototype.started="started",prototype.canceled="canceled",prototype.failed="failed";const defaultOptions=action:"advance",historyChanged:!(prototype.completed="completed"),visitCachedSnapshot:()=>,willRender:!0;(prototype=SystemStatusCode=SystemStatusCode||)[prototype.networkFailure=0]="networkFailure",prototype[prototype.timeoutFailure=-1]="timeoutFailure",prototype[prototype.contentTypeMismatch=-2]="contentTypeMismatch";class Visitconstructor(delegate,location2,restorationIdentifier,options=)get adapter()return this.delegate.adapterget view()return this.delegate.viewget history()return this.delegate.historyget restorationData()return this.history.getRestorationDataForIdentifier(this.restorationIdentifier)get silent()return this.isSamePagestart()this.state==VisitState.initialized&&(this.recordTimingMetric(TimingMetric.visitStart),this.state=VisitState.started,this.adapter.visitStarted(this),this.delegate.visitStarted(this))cancel()this.state==VisitState.started&&(this.request&&this.request.cancel(),this.cancelRender(),this.state=VisitState.canceled)complete()this.state==VisitState.started&&(this.recordTimingMetric(TimingMetric.visitEnd),this.state=VisitState.completed,this.adapter.visitCompleted(this),this.delegate.visitCompleted(this),this.followRedirect())fail()this.state==VisitState.started&&(this.state=VisitState.failed,this.adapter.visitFailed(this))changeHistory()issueRequest()this.hasPreloadedResponse()?this.simulateRequest():this.shouldIssueRequest()&&!this.request&&(this.request=new FetchRequest(this,FetchMethod.get,this.location),this.request.perform())simulateRequest()this.response&&(this.startRequest(),this.recordResponse(),this.finishRequest())startRequest()this.recordTimingMetric(TimingMetric.requestStart),this.adapter.visitRequestStarted(this)recordResponse(response=this.response)(this.response=response)&&(response=response["statusCode"],isSuccessful(response)?this.adapter.visitRequestCompleted(this):this.adapter.visitRequestFailedWithStatusCode(this,response))finishRequest()this.recordTimingMetric(TimingMetric.requestEnd),this.adapter.visitRequestFinished(this)loadResponse()if(this.response)conststatusCode,responseHTML=this.response;this.render(()=>__async$3(this,null,function*()this.cacheSnapshot(),this.view.renderPromise&&(yield this.view.renderPromise),isSuccessful(statusCode)&&null!=responseHTML?(yield this.view.renderPage(PageSnapshot.fromHTMLString(responseHTML),!1,this.willRender),this.adapter.visitRendered(this),this.complete()):(yield this.view.renderError(PageSnapshot.fromHTMLString(responseHTML)),this.adapter.visitRendered(this),this.fail())))getCachedSnapshot()getPreloadedSnapshot()if(this.snapshotHTML)return PageSnapshot.fromHTMLString(this.snapshotHTML)hasCachedSnapshot()return null!=this.getCachedSnapshot()loadCachedSnapshot()const snapshot=this.getCachedSnapshot();if(snapshot)const isPreview=this.shouldIssueRequest();this.render(()=>__async$3(this,null,function*()this.cacheSnapshot(),this.isSamePage?this.adapter.visitRendered(this):(this.view.renderPromise&&(yield this.view.renderPromise),yield this.view.renderPage(snapshot,isPreview,this.willRender),this.adapter.visitRendered(this),isPreview))followRedirect()var _a;this.redirectedToLocation&&!this.followedRedirect&&null!=(_a=this.response)&&_a.redirected&&(this.adapter.visitProposedToLocation(this.redirectedToLocation,action:"replace",response:this.response),this.followedRedirect=!0)goToSamePageAnchor()this.isSamePage&&this.render(()=>__async$3(this,null,function*()this.cacheSnapshot(),this.adapter.visitRendered(this)))requestStarted()this.startRequest()requestPreventedHandlingResponse(request,response)requestSucceededWithResponse(request,response)return __async$3(this,null,function*()var responseHTML=yield response.responseHTML,redirected,statusCode=response;null==responseHTML?this.recordResponse(statusCode:SystemStatusCode.contentTypeMismatch,redirected:redirected):(this.redirectedToLocation=response.redirected?response.location:void 0,this.recordResponse(statusCode:statusCode,responseHTML:responseHTML,redirected:redirected)))requestFailedWithResponse(request,response)return __async$3(this,null,function*()var responseHTML=yield response.responseHTML,redirected,statusCode=response;null==responseHTML?this.recordResponse(statusCode:SystemStatusCode.contentTypeMismatch,redirected:redirected):this.recordResponse(statusCode:statusCode,responseHTML:responseHTML,redirected:redirected))requestErrored(request,error)this.recordResponse(statusCode:SystemStatusCode.networkFailure,redirected:!1)requestFinished()this.finishRequest()performScroll()this.scrollToAnchor()scrollToRestoredPosition()var scrollPosition=this.restorationData["scrollPosition"];if(scrollPosition)return this.view.scrollToPosition(scrollPosition),!0scrollToAnchor()var anchor=getAnchor(this.location);if(null!=anchor)return this.view.scrollToAnchor(anchor),!0recordTimingMetric(metric)this.timingMetrics[metric]=(new Date).getTime()getTimingMetrics()return Object.assign(,this.timingMetrics)getHistoryMethodForAction(action)switch(action)case"replace":return history.replaceState;case"advance":case"restore":return history.pushStatehasPreloadedResponse()return"object"==typeof this.responseshouldIssueRequest()return!this.isSamePage&&("restore"==this.action?!this.hasCachedSnapshot():this.willRender)cacheSnapshot()this.snapshotCachedrender(callback)return __async$3(this,null,function*()this.cancelRender(),yield new Promise(resolve=>this.frame=requestAnimationFrame(()=>resolve())),yield callback(),delete this.frame,this.performScroll())cancelRender()this.frame&&(cancelAnimationFrame(this.frame),delete this.frame)function isSuccessful(statusCode)return 200<=statusCode&&statusCode<300class BrowserAdapterconstructor(session2)this.progressBar=new ProgressBar,this.showProgressBar=()=>this.progressBar.show(),this.session=session2visitProposedToLocation(location2,options)this.navigator.startVisit(location2,uuid(),options)visitStarted(visit2)visit2.loadCachedSnapshot(),visit2.issueRequest(),visit2.changeHistory(),visit2.goToSamePageAnchor()visitRequestStarted(visit2)this.progressBar.setValue(0),visit2.hasCachedSnapshot()visitRequestCompleted(visit2)visit2.loadResponse()visitRequestFailedWithStatusCode(visit2,statusCode)switch(statusCode)case SystemStatusCode.networkFailure:case SystemStatusCode.timeoutFailure:case SystemStatusCode.contentTypeMismatch:return this.reload();default:return visit2.loadResponse()visitRequestFinished(visit2)this.progressBar.setValue(1),this.hideVisitProgressBar()visitCompleted(visit2)pageInvalidated()this.reload()visitFailed(visit2)visitRendered(visit2)formSubmissionStarted(formSubmission)this.progressBar.setValue(0),this.showFormProgressBarAfterDelay()formSubmissionFinished(formSubmission)this.progressBar.setValue(1),this.hideFormProgressBar()showVisitProgressBarAfterDelay()this.visitProgressBarTimeout=window.setTimeout(this.showProgressBar,this.session.progressBarDelay)hideVisitProgressBar()this.progressBar.hide(),null!=this.visitProgressBarTimeout&&(window.clearTimeout(this.visitProgressBarTimeout),delete this.visitProgressBarTimeout)showFormProgressBarAfterDelay()null==this.formProgressBarTimeout&&(this.formProgressBarTimeout=window.setTimeout(this.showProgressBar,this.session.progressBarDelay))hideFormProgressBar()this.progressBar.hide(),null!=this.formProgressBarTimeout&&(window.clearTimeout(this.formProgressBarTimeout),delete this.formProgressBarTimeout)reload()window.location.reload()get navigator()return this.session.navigatorclass CacheObserverconstructor()this.started=!1start()this.startedstop()this.started&&(this.started=!1,removeEventListener("turbo:before-cache",this.removeStaleElements,!1))removeStaleElements()for(const element of[...document.querySelectorAll('[data-turbo-cache="false"]')])element.remove()class FormSubmitObserverconstructor(delegate)this.started=!1,this.submitCaptured=()=>removeEventListener("submit",this.submitBubbled,!1),addEventListener("submit",this.submitBubbled,!1),this.submitBubbled=event=>,this.delegate=delegatestart()stop()this.started&&(removeEventListener("submit",this.submitCaptured,!0),this.started=!1)class FrameRedirectorconstructor(element)this.element=element,this.linkInterceptor=new LinkInterceptor(this,element),this.formInterceptor=new FormInterceptor(this,element)start()this.linkInterceptor.start(),this.formInterceptor.start()stop()this.linkInterceptor.stop(),this.formInterceptor.stop()shouldInterceptLinkClick(element,url)return this.shouldRedirect(element)linkClickIntercepted(element,url)var frame=this.findFrameElement(element);frame&&frame.delegate.linkClickIntercepted(element,url)shouldInterceptFormSubmission(element,submitter)return this.shouldSubmit(element,submitter)formSubmissionIntercepted(element,submitter)var frame=this.findFrameElement(element,submitter);frame&&(frame.removeAttribute("reloadable"),frame.delegate.formSubmissionIntercepted(element,submitter))shouldSubmit(form,submitter)var action=getAction(form,submitter),meta=this.element.ownerDocument.querySelector('meta[name="turbo-root"]'),meta=expandURL(null!=(meta=null==meta?void 0:meta.content)?meta:"/");return this.shouldRedirect(form,submitter)&&locationIsVisitable(action,meta)shouldRedirect(element,submitter)submitter=this.findFrameElement(element,submitter);return!!submitter&&submitter!=element.closest("turbo-frame")findFrameElement(element,submitter)class Historyconstructor(delegate)this.restorationIdentifier=uuid(),this.restorationData=,this.started=!1,this.pageLoaded=!1,this.onPopState=event=>)["turbo"],event&&(this.location=new URL(window.location.href),event=event["restorationIdentifier"],this.restorationIdentifier=event,this.delegate.historyPoppedToLocationWithRestorationIdentifier(this.location,event))),this.onPageLoad=event=>__async$3(this,null,function*()yield function nextMicrotask()return Promise.resolve()(),this.pageLoaded=!0),this.delegate=delegatestart()stop()this.started&&(removeEventListener("popstate",this.onPopState,!1),removeEventListener("load",this.onPageLoad,!1),this.started=!1)push(location2,restorationIdentifier)this.update(history.pushState,location2,restorationIdentifier)replace(location2,restorationIdentifier)this.update(history.replaceState,location2,restorationIdentifier)update(method,location2,restorationIdentifier=uuid())method.call(history,turbo:restorationIdentifier:restorationIdentifier,"",location2.href),this.location=location2,this.restorationIdentifier=restorationIdentifiergetRestorationDataForIdentifier(restorationIdentifier)updateRestorationData(additionalData)var restorationIdentifier=this["restorationIdentifier"],restorationData=this.restorationData[restorationIdentifier];this.restorationData[restorationIdentifier]=Object.assign(Object.assign(,restorationData),additionalData)assumeControlOfScrollRestoration()(this.previousScrollRestoration=null!=(_a=history.scrollRestoration)?_a:"auto",history.scrollRestoration="manual")relinquishControlOfScrollRestoration()this.previousScrollRestoration&&(history.scrollRestoration=this.previousScrollRestoration,delete this.previousScrollRestoration)shouldHandlePopState()return this.pageIsLoaded()pageIsLoaded()"complete"==document.readyStateclass LinkClickObserverconstructor(delegate)this.started=!1,this.clickCaptured=()=>removeEventListener("click",this.clickBubbled,!1),addEventListener("click",this.clickBubbled,!1),this.clickBubbled=event=>event.target,(target=this.findLinkFromClickTarget(target))&&(location2=this.getLocationForLink(target),this.delegate.willFollowLinkToLocation(target,location2)&&(event.preventDefault(),this.delegate.followedLinkToLocation(target,location2)))),this.delegate=delegatestart()stop()this.started&&(removeEventListener("click",this.clickCaptured,!0),this.started=!1)clickEventIsSignificant(event)event.ctrlKeyfindLinkFromClickTarget(target)if(target instanceof Element)return target.closest("a[href]:not([target^=_]):not([download])")getLocationForLink(link)function isAction(action)"replace"==actionclass Navigator{constructor(delegate)this.delegate=delegateproposeVisit(location2,options=)this.delegate.allowsVisitingLocationWithAction(location2,options.action)&&(locationIsVisitable(location2,this.view.snapshot.rootLocation)?this.delegate.visitProposedToLocation(location2,options):window.location.href=location2.toString())startVisit(locatable,restorationIdentifier,options=)this.stop(),this.currentVisit=new Visit(this,expandURL(locatable),restorationIdentifier,Object.assign(referrer:this.location,options)),this.currentVisit.start()submitForm(form,submitter)this.stop(),this.formSubmission=new FormSubmission(this,form,submitter,!0),this.formSubmission.start()stop()this.formSubmission&&(this.formSubmission.stop(),delete this.formSubmission),this.currentVisit&&(this.currentVisit.cancel(),delete this.currentVisit)get adapter()return this.delegate.adapterget view()return this.delegate.viewget history()return this.delegate.historyformSubmissionStarted(formSubmission)"function"==typeof this.adapter.formSubmissionStarted&&this.adapter.formSubmissionStarted(formSubmission)formSubmissionSucceededWithResponse(formSubmission,fetchResponse)return __async$3(this,null,function*()var responseHTML,statusCode,redirected,action;formSubmission==this.formSubmission&&(responseHTML=yield fetchResponse.responseHTML)&&(formSubmission.method!=FetchMethod.get&&this.view.clearSnapshotCache(),statusCode,redirected=fetchResponse,action=this.getActionForFormSubmission(formSubmission),this.proposeVisit(fetchResponse.location,action:action,response:statusCode:statusCode,responseHTML:responseHTML,redirected:redirected)))formSubmissionFailedWithResponse(formSubmission,fetchResponse)return __async$3(this,null,function*()var responseHTML=yield fetchResponse.responseHTML;responseHTML&&(responseHTML=PageSnapshot.fromHTMLString(responseHTML),fetchResponse.serverError?yield this.view.renderError(responseHTML):yield this.view.renderPage(responseHTML),this.view.scrollToTop(),this.view.clearSnapshotCache()))formSubmissionErrored(formSubmission,error)console.error(error)formSubmissionFinished(formSubmission)"function"==typeof this.adapter.formSubmissionFinished&&this.adapter.formSubmissionFinished(formSubmission)visitStarted(visit2)this.delegate.visitStarted(visit2)visitCompleted(visit2)this.delegate.visitCompleted(visit2)locationWithActionIsSamePage(location2,action)visitScrolledToSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)this.delegate.visitScrolledToSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)get location()return this.history.locationget restorationIdentifier()return this.history.restorationIdentifiergetActionForFormSubmission(formSubmission)varformElement:formSubmission,submitter=formSubmission,submitter=getAttribute("data-turbo-action",submitter,formSubmission);return isAction(submitter)?submitter:"advance"}(prototype=PageStage=PageStage||)[prototype.initial=0]="initial",prototype[prototype.loading=1]="loading",prototype[prototype.interactive=2]="interactive",prototype[prototype.complete=3]="complete";class PageObserverconstructor(delegate)this.stage=PageStage.initial,this.started=!1,this.interpretReadyState=()=>var readyState=this["readyState"];"interactive"==readyState?this.pageIsInteractive():"complete"==readyState&&this.pageIsComplete(),this.pageWillUnload=()=>this.delegate.pageWillUnload(),this.delegate=delegatestart()this.startedstop()this.started&&(document.removeEventListener("readystatechange",this.interpretReadyState,!1),removeEventListener("pagehide",this.pageWillUnload,!1),this.started=!1)pageIsInteractive()this.stage==PageStage.loading&&(this.stage=PageStage.interactive,this.delegate.pageBecameInteractive())pageIsComplete()this.pageIsInteractive(),this.stage==PageStage.interactive&&(this.stage=PageStage.complete,this.delegate.pageLoaded())get readyState()return document.readyStateclass ScrollObserverconstructor(delegate)this.started=!1,this.onScroll=()=>this.updatePosition(x:window.pageXOffset,y:window.pageYOffset),this.delegate=delegatestart()stop()this.started&&(removeEventListener("scroll",this.onScroll,!1),this.started=!1)updatePosition(position)this.delegate.scrollPositionChanged(position)class StreamObserverconstructor(delegate)this.sources=new Set,this.started=!1,this.inspectFetchResponse=event=>var response=function fetchResponseFromEvent(event)event=null==(event=event.detail)?void 0:event.fetchResponse;if(event instanceof FetchResponse)return event(event);response&&function fetchResponseIsStream(response)response=null!=(response=response.contentType)?response:"";return response.startsWith(StreamMessage.contentType)(response)&&(event.preventDefault(),this.receiveMessageResponse(response)),this.receiveMessageEvent=event=>this.started&&"string"==typeof event.data&&this.receiveMessageHTML(event.data),this.delegate=delegatestart()stop()this.started&&(this.started=!1,removeEventListener("turbo:before-fetch-response",this.inspectFetchResponse,!1))connectStreamSource(source)(this.sources.add(source),source.addEventListener("message",this.receiveMessageEvent,!1))disconnectStreamSource(source)this.streamSourceIsConnected(source)&&(this.sources.delete(source),source.removeEventListener("message",this.receiveMessageEvent,!1))streamSourceIsConnected(source)return this.sources.has(source)receiveMessageResponse(response)return __async$3(this,null,function*()var html=yield response.responseHTML;html&&this.receiveMessageHTML(html))receiveMessageHTML(html)this.delegate.receivedMessageFromStream(new StreamMessage(html))class ErrorRenderer extends Rendererrender()return __async$3(this,null,function*()this.replaceHeadAndBody(),this.activateScriptElements())replaceHeadAndBody()vardocumentElement,head,body=document;documentElement.replaceChild(this.newHead,head),documentElement.replaceChild(this.newElement,body)activateScriptElements()for(const replaceableElement of this.scriptElements)var element,parentNode=replaceableElement.parentNode;parentNode&&(element=this.createScriptElement(replaceableElement),parentNode.replaceChild(element,replaceableElement))get newHead()return this.newSnapshot.headSnapshot.elementget scriptElements()return[...document.documentElement.querySelectorAll("script")]class PageRenderer extends Rendererget shouldRender()return this.newSnapshot.isVisitable&&this.trackedElementsAreIdenticalprepareToRender()this.mergeHead()render()return __async$3(this,null,function*()this.willRender&&this.replaceBody())finishRendering()get currentHeadSnapshot()return this.currentSnapshot.headSnapshotget newHeadSnapshot()return this.newSnapshot.headSnapshotget newElement()return this.newSnapshot.elementmergeHead()this.copyNewHeadStylesheetElements(),this.copyNewHeadScriptElements(),this.removeCurrentHeadProvisionalElements(),this.copyNewHeadProvisionalElements()replaceBody()this.preservingPermanentElements(()=>this.activateNewBody(),this.assignNewBody())get trackedElementsAreIdentical()return this.currentHeadSnapshot.trackedElementSignature==this.newHeadSnapshot.trackedElementSignaturecopyNewHeadStylesheetElements()for(const element of this.newHeadStylesheetElements)document.head.appendChild(element)copyNewHeadScriptElements()for(const element of this.newHeadScriptElements)document.head.appendChild(this.createScriptElement(element))removeCurrentHeadProvisionalElements()for(const element of this.currentHeadProvisionalElements)document.head.removeChild(element)copyNewHeadProvisionalElements()for(const element of this.newHeadProvisionalElements)document.head.appendChild(element)activateNewBody()document.adoptNode(this.newElement),this.activateNewBodyScriptElements()activateNewBodyScriptElements()for(const inertScriptElement of this.newBodyScriptElements)var activatedScriptElement=this.createScriptElement(inertScriptElement);inertScriptElement.replaceWith(activatedScriptElement)assignNewBody()document.body&&this.newElement instanceof HTMLBodyElement?document.body.replaceWith(this.newElement):document.documentElement.appendChild(this.newElement)get newHeadStylesheetElements()return this.newHeadSnapshot.getStylesheetElementsNotInSnapshot(this.currentHeadSnapshot)get newHeadScriptElements()return this.newHeadSnapshot.getScriptElementsNotInSnapshot(this.currentHeadSnapshot)get currentHeadProvisionalElements()return this.currentHeadSnapshot.provisionalElementsget newHeadProvisionalElements()return this.newHeadSnapshot.provisionalElementsget newBodyScriptElements()return this.newElement.querySelectorAll("script")class SnapshotCacheconstructor(size)this.keys=[],this.snapshots=,this.size=sizehas(location2)return toCacheKey(location2)in this.snapshotsget(location2)var snapshot;if(this.has(location2))return snapshot=this.read(location2),this.touch(location2),snapshotput(location2,snapshot)return this.write(location2,snapshot),this.touch(location2),snapshotclear()this.snapshots=read(location2)return this.snapshots[toCacheKey(location2)]write(location2,snapshot)this.snapshots[toCacheKey(location2)]=snapshottouch(location2)var location2=toCacheKey(location2),index=this.keys.indexOf(location2);-1setTimeout(()=>resolve(),0))(),snapshot=snapshot.clone(),this.snapshotCache.put(location2,snapshot),snapshot)getCachedSnapshotForLocation(location2)return this.snapshotCache.get(location2)get snapshot()return PageSnapshot.fromElement(this.element)get shouldCacheSnapshot()return this.snapshot.isCacheablefunction extendURLWithDeprecatedProperties(url)Object.defineProperties(url,deprecatedLocationPropertyDescriptors)const deprecatedLocationPropertyDescriptors=absoluteURL:get()return this.toString(),session=new class Sessionconstructor()this.navigator=new Navigator(this),this.history=new History(this),this.view=new PageView(this,document.documentElement),this.adapter=new BrowserAdapter(this),this.pageObserver=new PageObserver(this),this.cacheObserver=new CacheObserver,this.linkClickObserver=new LinkClickObserver(this),this.formSubmitObserver=new FormSubmitObserver(this),this.scrollObserver=new ScrollObserver(this),this.streamObserver=new StreamObserver(this),this.frameRedirector=new FrameRedirector(document.documentElement),this.drive=!0,this.enabled=!0,this.progressBarDelay=500,this.started=!1start()(this.pageObserver.start(),this.cacheObserver.start(),this.linkClickObserver.start(),this.formSubmitObserver.start(),this.scrollObserver.start(),this.streamObserver.start(),this.frameRedirector.start(),this.history.start(),this.started=!0,this.enabled=!0)disable()this.enabled=!1stop()this.started&&(this.pageObserver.stop(),this.cacheObserver.stop(),this.linkClickObserver.stop(),this.formSubmitObserver.stop(),this.scrollObserver.stop(),this.streamObserver.stop(),this.frameRedirector.stop(),this.history.stop(),this.started=!1)registerAdapter(adapter)this.adapter=adaptervisit(location2,options=)this.navigator.proposeVisit(expandURL(location2),options)connectStreamSource(source)this.streamObserver.connectStreamSource(source)disconnectStreamSource(source)this.streamObserver.disconnectStreamSource(source)renderStreamMessage(message)document.documentElement.appendChild(StreamMessage.wrap(message).fragment)clearCache()this.view.clearSnapshotCache()setProgressBarDelay(delay)this.progressBarDelay=delayget location()return this.history.locationget restorationIdentifier()return this.history.restorationIdentifierhistoryPoppedToLocationWithRestorationIdentifier(location2,restorationIdentifier)this.enabled?this.navigator.startVisit(location2,restorationIdentifier,action:"restore",historyChanged:!0):this.adapter.pageInvalidated()scrollPositionChanged(position)this.history.updateRestorationData(scrollPosition:position)willFollowLinkToLocation(link,location2)return this.elementDriveEnabled(link)&&locationIsVisitable(location2,this.snapshot.rootLocation)&&this.applicationAllowsFollowingLinkToLocation(link,location2)followedLinkToLocation(link,location2)this.visit(location2.href,action:action)convertLinkWithMethodClickToFormSubmission(link)var linkMethod=link.getAttribute("data-turbo-method");if(linkMethod)return!1allowsVisitingLocationWithAction(location2,action)return this.locationWithActionIsSamePage(location2,action)visitProposedToLocation(location2,options)extendURLWithDeprecatedProperties(location2),this.adapter.visitProposedToLocation(location2,options)visitStarted(visit2)visitCompleted(visit2)this.notifyApplicationAfterPageLoad(visit2.getTimingMetrics())locationWithActionIsSamePage(location2,action)return this.navigator.locationWithActionIsSamePage(location2,action)visitScrolledToSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)this.notifyApplicationAfterVisitingSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)willSubmitForm(form,submitter)var action=getAction(form,submitter);return this.elementDriveEnabled(form)&&(!submitterformSubmitted(form,submitter)this.navigator.submitForm(form,submitter)pageBecameInteractive()this.view.lastRenderedLocation=this.location,this.notifyApplicationAfterPageLoad()pageLoaded()this.history.assumeControlOfScrollRestoration()pageWillUnload()this.history.relinquishControlOfScrollRestoration()receivedMessageFromStream(message)this.renderStreamMessage(message)viewWillCacheSnapshot()var _a;null!=(_a=this.navigator.currentVisit)&&_a.silentallowsImmediateRender(element,resume)return!this.notifyApplicationBeforeRender(element,resume).defaultPreventedviewRenderedSnapshot(snapshot,isPreview)this.view.lastRenderedLocation=this.history.location,this.notifyApplicationAfterRender()viewInvalidated()this.adapter.pageInvalidated()frameLoaded(frame)this.notifyApplicationAfterFrameLoad(frame)frameRendered(fetchResponse,frame)this.notifyApplicationAfterFrameRender(fetchResponse,frame)applicationAllowsFollowingLinkToLocation(link,location2)return!this.notifyApplicationAfterClickingLinkToLocation(link,location2).defaultPreventedapplicationAllowsVisitingLocation(location2)return!this.notifyApplicationBeforeVisitingLocation(location2).defaultPreventednotifyApplicationAfterClickingLinkToLocation(link,location2)return dispatch("turbo:click",target:link,detail:url:location2.href,cancelable:!0)notifyApplicationBeforeVisitingLocation(location2)return dispatch("turbo:before-visit",detail:url:location2.href,cancelable:!0)notifyApplicationAfterVisitingLocation(location2,action)return markAsBusy(document.documentElement),dispatch("turbo:visit",detail:url:location2.href,action:action)notifyApplicationBeforeCachingSnapshot()return dispatch("turbo:before-cache")notifyApplicationBeforeRender(newBody,resume)return dispatch("turbo:before-render",detail:newBody:newBody,resume:resume,cancelable:!0)notifyApplicationAfterRender()return dispatch("turbo:render")notifyApplicationAfterPageLoad(timing=)return clearBusyState(document.documentElement),dispatch("turbo:load",detail:url:this.location.href,timing:timing)notifyApplicationAfterVisitingSamePageLocation(oldURL,newURL)dispatchEvent(new HashChangeEvent("hashchange",oldURL:oldURL.toString(),newURL:newURL.toString()))notifyApplicationAfterFrameLoad(frame)return dispatch("turbo:frame-load",target:frame)notifyApplicationAfterFrameRender(fetchResponse,frame)return dispatch("turbo:frame-render",detail:fetchResponse:fetchResponse,target:frame,cancelable:!0)elementDriveEnabled(element)element=null==element?void 0:element.closest("[data-turbo]");return this.drive?!elementgetActionForLink(link)link=link.getAttribute("data-turbo-action");return isAction(link)?link:"advance"getTargetFrameForLink(link)get snapshot()return this.view.snapshot;var prototype=session["navigator"];function start()session.start()function registerAdapter(adapter)session.registerAdapter(adapter)function visit(location2,options)session.visit(location2,options)function connectStreamSource(source)session.connectStreamSource(source)function disconnectStreamSource(source)session.disconnectStreamSource(source)function renderStreamMessage(message)session.renderStreamMessage(message)function clearCache()session.clearCache()function setProgressBarDelay(delay)session.setProgressBarDelay(delay)function setConfirmMethod(confirmMethod)FormSubmission.confirmMethod=confirmMethodvar Turbo=Object.freeze(__proto__:null,navigator:prototype,session:session,PageRenderer:PageRenderer,PageSnapshot:PageSnapshot,start:start,registerAdapter:registerAdapter,visit:visit,connectStreamSource:connectStreamSource,disconnectStreamSource:disconnectStreamSource,renderStreamMessage:renderStreamMessage,clearCache:clearCache,setProgressBarDelay:setProgressBarDelay,setConfirmMethod:setConfirmMethod);class SnapshotSubstitutionconstructor(element)this.visitCachedSnapshot=(element:element2)=>varid,clone=this;null!=(element2=element2.querySelector("#"+id))&&element2.replaceWith(clone),this.clone=element.cloneNode(!0),this.id=element.idfunction getFrameElementById(id)if(null!=id)id=document.getElementById(id);if(id instanceof FrameElement)return idfunction activateElement(element,currentURL)if(element)var src=element.getAttribute("src");if(null!=src&&null!=currentURL&&function urlsAreEqual(left,right)return expandURL(left).href==expandURL(right).href(src,currentURL))throw new Error(`Matching element has a source URL which references itself`);if((element=element.ownerDocument!==document?document.importNode(element,!0):element)instanceof FrameElement)return element.connectedCallback(),element.disconnectedCallback(),elementconst StreamActions=after()this.targetElements.forEach(e=>var _a;return null==(_a=e.parentElement)?void 0:_a.insertBefore(this.templateContent,e.nextSibling)),append()this.removeDuplicateTargetChildren(),this.targetElements.forEach(e=>e.append(this.templateContent)),before()this.targetElements.forEach(e=>var _a;return null==(_a=e.parentElement)?void 0:_a.insertBefore(this.templateContent,e)),prepend()this.removeDuplicateTargetChildren(),this.targetElements.forEach(e=>e.prepend(this.templateContent)),remove()this.targetElements.forEach(e=>e.remove()),replace()this.targetElements.forEach(e=>e.replaceWith(this.templateContent)),update()this.targetElements.forEach(e=>e.innerHTML="",e.append(this.templateContent));class StreamElement extends HTMLElementconnectedCallback()return __async$3(this,null,function*()tryyield this.render()catch(error)console.error(error)finallythis.disconnect())render()return __async$3(this,null,function*()var _a;return null!=(_a=this.renderPromise)?_a:this.renderPromise=__async$3(this,null,function*()this.dispatchEvent(this.beforeRenderEvent)&&(yield nextAnimationFrame(),this.performAction())))disconnect()trythis.remove()catch(_a)removeDuplicateTargetChildren()this.duplicateChildren.forEach(c=>c.remove())get duplicateChildren()var _a,existingChildren=this.targetElements.flatMap(e=>[...e.children]).filter(c=>!!c.id);const newChildrenIds=[...null==(_a=this.templateContent)?void 0:_a.children].filter(c=>!!c.id).map(c=>c.id);return existingChildren.filter(c=>newChildrenIds.includes(c.id))get performAction()if(this.action)var actionFunction=StreamActions[this.action];if(actionFunction)return actionFunction;this.raise("unknown action")this.raise("action attribute is missing")get targetElements()return this.target?this.targetElementsById:this.targets?this.targetElementsByQuery:void this.raise("target or targets attribute is missing")get templateContent()return this.templateElement.content.cloneNode(!0)get templateElement()if(this.firstElementChild instanceof HTMLTemplateElement)return this.firstElementChild;this.raise("first child element must be a
